تعلم السويدية

[align=center]Pronunciation[/align]


Vowels



[align=left]
Please note! In Swedish Y is a vowel and not a consonant!
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a
like 'a' in "barn"
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e
like first 'e' in "here"
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i
like 'i' in "machine"
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o
like 'oo' in "foot"
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u
like 'ou' in "you"
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y
like 'y' in "Nitroglycerin"
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å
like 'aw' in "saw"
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ä
like 'a' in "rare"
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ö
like 'i' in "Sir"[/align]

Consonants


[align=left]
b
like 'b' in "bed"
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c
like 'c' in "cat", or like S in Swedish
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d
like 'd' in "dog"
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f
like 'f' in "for"
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g
like 'g' in "go", like 'y' in "yellow" when preceding ö
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h
like 'h' in "help"
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j
like 'y' in "yell"
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k
like 'k' in "king", like 'sh' in "ship" when preceding e, i, y, ä, ö
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l
like 'l' in "love"
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m
like 'm' in "mother"
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n
like 'n' in "nice"
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p
like 'p' in "pig"
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q
like 'q' in "quest" (with "u", almost always)
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r
like 'r' in "row", like 'r' in "feather"
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s
like 'ss' in "hiss", like 'sh" in "ship"
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t
like 't' in "top"
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v
like 'v' in "victory"
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w
like 'v' in "victor"
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x
like 'cks' in "kicks"
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z
like 's' in "saw"[/align]

[align=center]Phrases & Vocabulary[/align]


[align=left]
Basics


Hello.
God dag. (Good dayg)
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Hello. (informal)
Hej. (HAY)
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How are you?
Hur mår du? (Hoor moor doo?)
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Fine, thank you.
Tack, jag mår bra. (Tayk, yag moor brah)
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What is your name?
Vad heter du? (Vaad HAY-ther doo?)
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My name is ______ .
Jag heter ______ . (Yag HAY-ther _____ .)
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Nice to meet you.
Trevligt att träffas. (TRAV-leegt at TRAH-faas)
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Please.
Snälla. (SNELL-la)
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Thank you.
Tack. (TOCK)
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You're welcome.
Var så god. (VAHR sha good)
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Yes.
Ja. (YAH)
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No.
Nej. (NAY)
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Excuse me. (getting attention)
Ursäkta. (Oor-sayk-tha)
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Excuse me. (begging pardon)
Förlåt. (Fur loot)
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I'm sorry.
Jag är ledsen. (Yaag ayr ladsen)
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Goodbye
Adjö. (Ad-juuh)
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Goodbye (informal)
Hej då. (Hay doo)
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I can't speak Swedish [well].
Jag kan inte tala svenska [så bra]. (Yaag can eenta taahla 'Swanskah' [sooh brah].)
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Do you speak English?
Talar du engelska. (Taahlar doo ayngelskah)
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Is there someone here who speaks English?
Finns det någon här som talar engelska. (Feens dat noogon har soom talar ayngelskah)
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Help!
Hjälp! (Yelp)
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Look out!
Se upp! (Saa up)
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Good morning.
God morgon. (Good moorgoon)
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Good evening.
God eftermiddag. (Good aftermeedag)
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Good night.
God kväll. (Gou qwell)
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Good night (to sleep)
God natt. (Good nath)
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I don't understand.
Jag förstår inte. (Yag fur stoor eenta)
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Where is the toilet?
Var är toaletten? (Wahr ahr tooalathan)[/align]

[align=left]Problems



Leave me alone.
Lämna mig ifred. (Laymna may ee fraed)
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Don't touch me!
Rör mig inte. (Rur may eenta)
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I'll call the police.
Jag ringer till Polisen. (Yag reengar Pooleesan)
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Police!
Polis! (Poolees)
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Stop! Thief!
Stopp! Tjuv! (Stop! Schyv!)
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I need your help.
Jag behöver din hjälp. (Yag beehuver deen hjalp)
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It's an emergency.
Det är ett nödläge. (Dat ayr at nudlayga)
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I'm lost.
Jag är vilse. (Yag ayhr veelsa)
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I lost my bag.
Jag har tappat bort min resväska. (Yag haar tappet boort meen rayswaysca)
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I lost my wallet.
Jag har tappat min plånbok. (Yag haar furloorayt meen ploonbook)
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I'm sick.
Jag mår illa. (Yag moor eela)
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I've been injured.
Jag är skadad. (Yag ahr skadaad)
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I need a doctor.
Jag behöver en doktor. (Yag behuver ahn doctoor)
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Can I use your phone?
Kan jag låna din telefon? (CAn yag loona deen tallaphone)[/align]

[align=left]Numbers


1
En/ett (Ahn/At)
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2
två (tfoo)
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3
tre (trah)
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4
fyra (feera)
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5
fem (fahm)
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6
sex (sax)
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7
sju (shoo)
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8
åtta (otha)
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9
nio (neeo)
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10
tio (teeo)
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11
elva (ahlvaa)
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12
tolv (tohlv)
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13
tretton (traahtoon)
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14
fjorton (fioortoon)
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15
femton(famtton)
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16
sexton (saxtoon)
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17
sjutton (shootoon)
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18
arton (ahrtoon)
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19
nitton (neetoon)
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20
tjugo (shoogoo)
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21
tjugoett (shoogoo at)
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22
tjugotvå (shoogo tfoo)
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23
tjugotre (shoogo trah)
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30
trettio (thra tee)
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40
fyrtio (fur tee)
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50
femtio (fam tee)
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60
sextio (sax tee)
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70
sjuttio (shoo tee)
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80
åttio (oo tee)
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90
nittio (nee tee)
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100
ett hundra(at hoondrah)
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175
ett hundra sjuttio fem ( at hoondrag shoo tee fam)
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200
två hundra(tfoo hoondrah)
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300
tre hundra (trah hoondrah)
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1000
ett tusen (at toosan)
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2000
två tusen (tfoo toosan)
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3758
Tre tusen sju hundra femtio-åtta ('trah toosan shoo hoondrah fam-tee otha)
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1,000,000
En miljon (Ahn millyoon)
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9,000,000
Nio miljoner (Ahn millyoon)
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1,000,000,000
En miljard (Ahn millyard)
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3,000,000,000
Tre miljarder (Ahn millyard)
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1,000,000,000,000
En Biljon (Ahn Billyoon)
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5,000,000,000,000
Fem Biljoner (Ahn Billyoon)
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number _____ (train, bus, etc.)
nummer _____ (noomar)
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half
halv/halva (hahlv/hahlva)
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less/less than
mindre/mindre än (meendrah/meendrah ehn)
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more/more than
mer/mer än (mehr/mehr ehn)[/align]

[align=left][align=left]Time[/align]


now
nu (noo)
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later
senare (sahnarah)
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before
före (Fur ayh)
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morning
morgon (moorgoon)
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afternoon
eftermiddag (aftermeedag)
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evening
kväll (kvahll)
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night
natt (nat)



Clock
In Swedish, AM and PM isn't used. If you want to say 1 AM you should say "klockan ett", which literally means "Clock one".
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What time is it?
Vad är klockan? (Vahd ahr clockan)
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one o'clock AM
Precis klockan 1 (Prahsees clockan at)
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two o'clock AM
Precis klockan 2 (Prahsees clockan tfoo)
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noon
eftermiddag (after meedagh)
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one o'clock PM
Precis klockan 13 (Prahsees clockan traahtoon)
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two o'clock PM
Precis klockan 14 (Prahsees clockan fioortoon)
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midnight
Midnatt (Meed nat)


Duration
_____ minute/minutes (ago)
_____ minut/minuter (sedan) (meenoot/meenootar (sahdahn))
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_____ hour/hours (ago)
_____ timme/timmar (sedan) (teemah/teemahr (sahdahn))
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_____ day/days (ago)
_____ dag/dagar (sedan) (daag/daagahr (sahdahn))
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_____ week/weeks (ago)
_____ vecka/veckor (sedan) (vacka/vackor (sahdahn))
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_____ month/months (ago)
_____ månad/månader (moonad/moonadar (sahdahn))
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_____ year/years (ago)
_____ år/år (sedan) (ohr/ohr (sahdahn))


Days
today
idag (ee dag)
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tonight
inatt (ee nat)
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yesterday
igår (ee goor)
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yesternight
igår natt (ee goor nat)
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the day before yesterday
förrgår (fur goor)
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tomorrow
imorgon (ee moor goon)
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the day after tomorrow
övermorgon ( uh vahr moorgoon)
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this week
denna vecka (dahn a vacka)
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last week
förra veckan (fur a vackan)
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next week
nästa vecka (nasta vacka)
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Sunday
Söndag (Sun daag)
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Monday
Måndag (moon daag)
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Tuesday
Tisdag (Tees daag)
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Wednesday
Onsdag (oons daag)
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Thursday
Torsdag (toors daag)
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Friday
Fredag (fraah daag)
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Saturday
Lördag (lur daag)
Months
January
Januari (jaan oo ah ree)
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February
Februari (Fab roo ah ree)
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March
Mars (maas)
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April
April (aa preel)
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May
Maj (mai)
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June
Juni (Joo nee)
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July
Juli (Joo lee)
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August
Augusti (ao goo stee)
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September
September (sap tam bahr)
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October
Oktober (ohk too bahr)
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November
November (Noo vam baar)
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December
December (dah sam baar)[/align]

[align=left]Colors


black
svart (svaahrt)
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white
vit (veet)
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gray
grå (groo)
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red
röd (rud)
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blue
blå (bloo)
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yellow
gul (gool)
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green
grön (grun)
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orange
orange (o raunch)
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purple
lila/purpur/violett (leela/poorpoor/veeo lat)
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brown
brun (broon) [/align]

[align=left]Transportation

Bus & Train
How much is a ticket to _____?
Vad kostar en biljett till _____? (Vahd koostaar ahn beelyat teel_____?)
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One ticket to _____, please.
En biljett till _____, tack. (Ahn beel-yat teel ___, tac)
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Where does this train go?
Vart går detta tåg ? (vahrt goor dat a toog)
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Where does this bus go?
Vart går denna buss? ( Vahrt goor dahna boos)
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Where is the train/bus to _____?
Var är tåget/bussen till _____? (vahr ahr toogat/boosan teel)
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Does this train/bus stop in _____?
Stannar tåget/bussen i_____? (staanar toogat/boosan ee)
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When does the train/bus for _____ leave?
När åker tåget/bussen till_____? (nahr oocar toogat/boosan teel ____ )
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When will this train/bus arrive in _____?
När kommer tåget/bussen till_____? (nahr coomer toogat/boosan teel)



Directions
How do I get to _____ ?
Hur kommer jag till _____ ? (Hoor koomar yag teel)
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...the train station?
...tågstationen? (toog stat ee oo nahn)
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...the bus station?
...busshållplatsen/busstationen? (boos hool plat sahn/ boos stat ee oo nahn)
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...the airport?
...flygplatsen? (fleeg plat sahn)
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...downtown?
centrum? (sen trum)
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...the youth hostel?
...ungdomshärberget? (oon dooms hahr bahr gat)
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...the _____ hotel?
...hotellet _____ ? (hootahlat)
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...the American/Canadian/Australian/British consulate?
...det Amerikanska/Kanadensiska/Australiensiska/Brittiska konsulatet? (day Americansca/Canadansisca/Aoostraaleeansisca/Bree-tee-sca consoolahtat)
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Where are there a lot of...
Var finns det många... (vahr feens dat moonga)
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...hotels?
...hotell? (hoo tahl)
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...restaurants?
...restauranger? (rastoorangar)
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...bars?
...barer? (baa rar)
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...sites to see?
...Utflyktsmål värda en titt?/Utflyktsmål värda att se? (ootflooctsmool vahrda ahn teet/ootflooctsmool vahrda at seh)
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Can you show me on the map?
Kan du visa mej på kartan? (Can doo veesa may poo car-taan)
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street
gata/gatan (gaataa/gaataan)
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Turn left.
Gå till vänster. (Goo teel vanster)
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Turn right.
Gå till höger. (Goo teel hug ar)
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left
vänster (vanster)
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right
höger (hug ar)
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over there
där borta(dahr boortaa)
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straight ahead
rakt ditåt(raakt deetoot)
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towards the _____
mot _____ (moot)
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past the _____
förbi_____ (fur bee)
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before the _____
före _____ (fur ahe)
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Watch for the _____.
Titta efter/Kolla efter_____. (Tee taa ahefter/Cohla ahefter)
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intersection
vägkorsning (vahg koor sning)
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north
norr (nohr)
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south
syd (seed)
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east
öst (ust)
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west
väst (vahst)
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uphill
uppe på berget/ på berget(oopah poo baryat/ poo baryat)
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downhill
nedanför berget/ i dalen / vid bergets fot (nahdan fur baryat/ ee dalahn/ veed baryats foot)



Taxi
Taxi!
Taxi! (tah ksee)
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Take me to _____, please.
Kör mej till_____, är ni snäll. (Chur may teel ____,ahr nee snall)
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How much does it cost to get to _____?
Vad kostar det att åka till_____? (Vaad coostar dat at ooka teel_____?)
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Take me there, please.
Ta mej dit, är ni snäll. (Tah may deet, ahr nee snall)[/align]

[align=left]Lodging


Do you have any rooms available?
Finns det några rum lediga? (Feens dat noogra room ladiga)
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How much is a room for one person/two/three/four people?
Vad kostar ett rum för en person/två/tre/fyra personer(vahd koostar at room fur ahn pahrsoon/tfoo/trah/feera parsoonar)
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Does the room come with...
Följer ... med i rummet (Fuhl yahr ... mahd ee roomat)
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...bedsheets?
...lakan? (laa can)
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...a bathroom?
...ett badrum? (at baahd room)
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...a telephone?
...en telefon? (ahn tahlephoon)
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...a TV?
...en TV? (ahn teh veh)
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May I see the room first?
Får jag se rummet först? (Fohr yag seh roomat first?)
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Do you have anything smaller?
Finns det något mindre? (feens dat noogot meendra?)
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...bigger?
...större? (stuh rah)
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...cleaner?
...renare? (rehnara)
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...cheaper?
...billigare? (beelee gaa rah)
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OK, I'll take it.
OK, jag tar det. (Oh-key, yag taar dat)
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I will stay for _____ night (nights).
Jag stannar _____ natt (nätter). (yag stahnahr ____ nat (natar))
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Can you suggest another hotel?
Kan du föreslå ett annat hotell? (Can doo fur-ah-sloo at ahnat hohtahl)
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Do you have a safe?
Har du ett kassaskåp/kassavalv? (Hahr doo at Cassascope/cassavahlv)
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...lockers?
...låsbara skåp? (loosbahra scope)
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Is breakfast/supper included?
Följer frukost/kvällsmat (kvällsmat can also be called middag) med? (Fuhl yer froo-kost/ kvahlsmat (meedag) mehd)
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What time is breakfast/supper?
När är frukost/kvällsmat (middag)? (Nehr are froo-kost/kvahlsmat (meedag))
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Please clean my room.
Gör rent mitt rum, är ni snäll. (Yur rent meet room, ehr nee snahl)
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Can you wake me at _____?
Kan du väcka mej klockan _____? (Can doo vacka may clockan)
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I want to check out.
Jag vill checka ut nu. (Yag veel chaca oot noo)[/align]

[align=left]Money


Do you accept American/Australian/Canadian dollars?
Tar ni Amerikanska/Australiensiska/ Kanadensiska Dollar? (Taar nee Americansca/Aoostraalyenseesca Dollar)
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Do you accept British pounds?
Tar ni brittiska Pund? (Taar nee Bree-tee-sca poond)
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Do you accept credit cards?
Tar ni kredit-kort? (taar nee crahdeet-coort)
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Can you change money for me?
Kan ni växla pengar åt mej? (Can nee vacslaa pahngar oot may)
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Where can I get money changed?
Var kan jag växla pengar? (Vahr can yag vacslaa pahngar)
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Can you change a traveler's check for me?
Kan du växla en resecheck åt mej? (Can doo vacslaa ahn rehsah chac oht may)
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Where can I get a traveler's check changed?
Var kan jag växla en resecheck? (''Vahr can yag vacslaa ahn rehsah chac)
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What is the exchange rate?
Vad är växelkursen? (Vahd ehr vehcsehl coorsahn)
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Where is the nearest automatic teller machine (ATM)?
Var ligger den närmsta bankomaten? (Vahr leegehr dehn neermsta baancomaten)[/align]

[align=left]Eating


A table for one person/two people, please.
Ett bord för en/två, tack. (At boord fur ahn/tfoo , tac)
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Can I look at the menu, please?
Får jag se på menyn? (Foor yag seh poo meh-neen)
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Can I look in the kitchen?
Kan jag titta i köket? (Can yag tee-ta ee chu-keht)
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Is there a house specialty?
Finns det en Husets special? (feens dat ehn hoosats spahsee-ahl)
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Is there a local specialty?
Finns det en lokal specialitet? (feens dat ehn loocal spahsee-ahlitee)
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I'm a vegetarian.
Jag är vegeterian. (Yag ahr vehgehtahreean)
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I don't eat pork.
Jag äter inte fläsk. (Yag ehtahr eentah flahsc)
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I don't eat beef.
Jag äter inte nötkött. (Yag ehtahr eentah nut-shut)
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I only eat kosher food.
Jag äter bara Kosher. (Yag ehter bahra kosher)
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Can you make it "lite", please? (less oil/butter/lard)
Jag vill ha det lätt tack. (bara lite olja/smör/flott) (Yag veel hah deht laht tac. (Bahra leeteh olya/smur/floth))
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a la carte
a la carte (ahla cahrt)
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breakfast
frukost (froocost)
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lunch
lunch (loons)
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tea
te (teh)
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supper
middag (meedag)
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I want _____.
Jag vill ha _____. (Yag veel ha)
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chicken
kyckling (shoo cleeng)
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beef
biff/nötkött (beeff/nut-shut)
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fish
fisk (feesc)
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ham
skinka (sheenca)
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sausage
korv (coorv)
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cheese
ost (oost)
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eggs
ägg (egg)
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salad/salat
sallad (sahlad)
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(fresh) vegetables
(färska) grönsaker ((fehrsca)grun sahcehr)
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(fresh) fruit
(färsk) frukt ((fehrsc) frooct)
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bread
bröd (brud)
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toast
toast/rostat bröd med smör/rostat bröd (toast/roostat brud mahd smur/ roostat brud)
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noodles
nudlar (noodlar)
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rice
ris (rees)
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beans
bönor (bun-oor)
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May I have a glass of _____?
Kan jag få ett glas_____? (Can yag foo at glahs)
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May I have a cup of _____?
Kan jag få en kopp_____? (Can yag foo ahn cop)
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May I have a bottle of _____?
Kan jag få en flaska_____? (Can yag foo ahn flaasca)
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coffee
kaffe (ca-feh)
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tea
te (teh)
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juice
jos (yoos)
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bubbly water
bubbelvatten (boobehlvahtehn)
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water
vatten(vahtehn)
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beer
öl (uhl)
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red/white wine
röd/vitt wvin (rud/veet veen)
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May I have some _____?
Kan jag få lite_____? (Can yag foo leeteh)
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salt
salt (sahlt)
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black pepper
svartpeppar (svart pehppar)
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butter
smör (smur)
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Excuse me, waiter? (getting attention of server)
Ursäkta, hovmästarn! (Oorsacta, hoovmastarn)
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I'm finished.
Jag är klar. (Yag ahr clahr)
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It was tasty.
Det var smaklig. (deht vahr smahk leeg)
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Please clear the plates.
Ta bort allt från faten nu. (Tah boort alt froon fahten noo)
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The check, please.
Notan, tack. (Nootan, tack)[/align]

[align=left][align=left][align=justify]Shopping


Do you have this in my size?
Har ni något i min storlek? (Haar nee noogot ee meen stoorlehc)
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How much is this?
Vad kostar den, om jag får fråga? (Vahd coostahr dan, oom jag foor frooga)
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That's too expensive.
Det är för dyrt. (Dat ar fur deert)
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Would you take _____?
Tar ni _____? (Taar nee ___)
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expensive
dyrt (deert)
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cheap
billigt (bee leegt)
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I don't want it.
Den vill jag inte ha. (Dan veel yag eenta haa)
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You're cheating me.
Du lurar mig. (Doo loorar may)
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I'm not interested. (for males)
Den är jag inte intresserad av. (Dan ahr yag eenta eentrahsehrad aav)
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I'm not interested. (for females)
Den är nog inte riktigt min typ, liksom (dan ahr noog eenta reecteegt meen teep, leecsoom)
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OK, I'll take it.
Jag tar den! (Yag tahr dan)
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Can I have a paper bag?
Kan jag få en papperspåse? (Can yag foo ahn pahpahrs-poosa)
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Can I have a plastic bag?
Kan jag få en plastpåse? (Can yag foo ahn plahst-poosa)
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Do you ship overseas?
Kan du frakta till utlandet? (Can doo fractaa dan teel ootlandat)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Do you ship?
Ursäkta, kan ni på detta företag frakta varor? (Oorsahcta, can nee poo dat-ta fur-a-taag frahctaa vaaroor)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I need...
Jag behöver... (.Yag be-huv-ehr )
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...toothpaste.
...tandkräm. (tahnd-crehm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...a toothbrush.
...en tandborste. (ehn tahnd-boor-sta)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...soap.
...tvål. (tvool)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...shampoo.
...shampo. (shahm-poo)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...pain reliever. aspirin/ibuprofen'
...något smärtstillande aspririn/ibyprofen. (noogoot smahrt-steel-ahn-deh ahspeereen/eebeeproofehn )
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...stomach medicine.
...medicin mot magont. (madeeseen moot mahg-oont)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...a razor.
...ett rakblad. (at raac-blaad)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...an umbrella.
...ett paraply. (at pahraa-plee)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...sunblock lotion.
...solskyddskräm. (sool-sheeds-crahm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...a postcard.
...ett vykort. (at veecoort)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...postage stamps.
...frimärken. (free-mahr-can)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...batteries.
...batterier. (baht-eh-ree-ar)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...writing paper.
...skrivblock/skrivpapper. (screev-bloc/screev-pap-ar)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...a pen.
...en penna. (ahn pen-a)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...English-language books.
...Böcker på Engelska. (Buccar poo ahngelscaa)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...English-language magazines.
...vecko eller månadstidningar på Engelska. (vacco ahlar moonads-teedneengar)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...an English-language newspaper.
...Engelska dagstidningar. (Ahngehlsca daagsteedneegahr)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...an English-Swedish dictionary.
...en Engelsk-Svensk ordbok. (an Ahngehlsc-svehnsc oordbook)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...a Swedish-English dictionary.
...en Svensk-Engelsk ordbok. (ahn Svaansc Ahngaalsc oordbbok)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...A dictionary with both English-Swedish and Swedish-English.
...en ordbok med både Engelska till svenska och Svenska till engelska. (ahn oorbook mehd booda Ahngelsca teel Svehnsca oc Svehnsca teel Ahngelsca)[/align][/align][/align]

[align=left]Driving


I want to rent a car.
Jag vill hyra en bil. (Yag veel heera ahn beel)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Can I get insurance?
Kan jag få en försäkring (Can yaag foo ehn fur-sahc-reeng)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
stop on a street sign
stanna vid ett vägmärke (stahna veed at vehgmahrca)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
blind alley
återvändsgränd (ootahr-vahnds-grahnd)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
no parking
parkering förbjuden/ingen parkering (pahr-kehreeng fur-beeoo-dan)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
speed limit
hastighetsbegränsning (haas-teeg-hehts-beh-graans-neeng)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
gas station
bensinstation/mack (behnseenstaateeon/mac)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
petrol
bensin (behnseen)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diesel
disel (deesehl)[/align]

[align=left]Authority


I haven't done anything wrong.
Jag har inte gjort något fel. (Yag haar eenta yoor noogoot fehl)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
It was a misunderstanding.
Det var ett missförstånd. (Dat vaar at mees-fur-stoond)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Where are you taking me?
Vart tar du mig? (Vaart taar doo may)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Am I under arrest?
Är jag arresterad? (Ehr yag arehstehrad)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I am an American/Australian/British/Canadian citizen.
Jag är en Amerikansk/Australienskisk/Brittisk/Kanadensisk medborgare (Yag ehr ahn Americansc/aoostraaleeahnseesc/breeteesc/canahdehnseesc mehdbooryaareh)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I want to talk to the American/Australian/British/Canadian embassy/consulate.
Jag vill tala med det Amerikanska/Australienskiska/Brittiska/Kanadensiska konsulatet. (''Yag veel tahla mehd dat Americansca/aoostraaleeahnseesca/breeteesca/canahdehnseesca cohn-soo-lah-tat )
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I want to talk to a lawyer.
Jag vill tala med en advokat. (Yag veel tahla mad ehn ahdvoocaht)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Can I just pay a fine now?
Kan jag böta nu? (Can yaag but-a noo?)[/align]

وهذا كتاب شامل تعليمي للغة السويدية.




[align=center][align=center]Introduction to Swedish
By Urban Sikeborg, Stockholm 1997–98[/align][/align]
[align=left]
CONTENTS


• Swedish – a brief presentation 1


1. How to introduce yourself 2
Personal pronouns. ‘Är’, -er and -ar verbs in the present


2. Greetings and goodbyes 4
Common salutary phrases. Temporal expressions


3. Things in general and particular 7
Nouns in the singular. Indefinite and definite forms


4. Even more things 9
Nouns in the plural. Cardinal and ordinal numbers


5. What is yours like? 12
Adjectives (weak and strong inflection).
Possessive and demonstrative pronouns


6. To compare and to be compared 16
Comparison of adjectives. ‘Ingen’, ‘något’, ‘varje’. Adverbs


7. Doing and being 19
Tenses/Conjugation of verbs

8. A guide to the pronunciation of Swedish 29[/align]

[align=center]Chapter 1:
How to introduce yourself[/align]

[align=left]

S
ome foreigners have claimed that Swedes in general are rather reserved and stiff in comparison to their own fellow countrymen. This alleged cultural feature is not a personal quality, however; you will soon find out that the Swedes are as passionate, wonderful or silly as most other people you know.


SENTENCES TO STUDY

Hej! Jag héter …… och kómmer från …… Vad héter du?
Hello! I am called … and come from … What are called you?

Jag héter ……
I am called …

Var kómmer du ifrån? / Várifrå´n kómmer du?
Where come you from? / Wherefrom come you?

Jag är från … och studérar svenska hä´r. Jóbbar du i Stóckhólm?
I am from … and study Swedish here. Work you in Stockholm?

Nej, jag árbétar ínte hä´r; jag ä´r óckså studént.
No, I work not here; I am too/also student.[/align]

[align=left]

NOTES

1. Personal pronouns

‘Jag’ (I) and ‘du’ (you) are pronouns, words denoting persons that perform an action. In English ‘you’ can refer either to one individual or to several persons; in Swedish you use separate forms, depending on the num¬ber of people you are addressing. The Swedish so-called personal pronouns are:[/align]





http://img89.imageshack.us/img89/818/19004139fj3.gif






[align=left]
1. Swedes usually address each other with the pronoun ‘du’, regardless of what position they might have or if they meet for the first time; in fact, the formal ‘Ni’ are nowadays considered old-fashioned and is mainly used when talking to older people. The English habit of frequently inserting the name of the person you are talking to is not common in Swedish and can sometimes be felt too intimate.

2. The ‘o’ in ‘hon’ is pronounced like ‘oo’ in ‘good’.

3. There are two words for ‘it’ in Swedish. This is because Swedish, unlike English, still define animals and things in terms of gender, and is in this respect similar to the German with its ‘der, die, das’ and the French ‘le, la’. Whether one should use ‘den’ or ‘det’ is decided by what gender the word it refers to has. In the general and neutral meaning ‘it’ has in phrases like ‘it is cold today’, ‘det’ is used: ‘Det ä´r kallt idág.’

4. The words for ‘they’ and ‘them’ is normally spelled ‘de’ and ‘dem’ respectively, but are almost always pronounced ‘dom’.[/align]

[align=left]
2. Verbs – Doing-or-Being Words

‘Heter’, ‘kommer’, ‘är’, ‘studerar’, ‘jobbar’ and ‘arbetar’ are verbs, words that show what someone/something is or does or what is happening. While English has two different endings for regular verbs depending on who is performing the action – I read, you read, but he/she/it reads – Swedish very conveniently uses only one form, regardless of person: Jag kómmer, du kómmer, hon kómmer, vi kommer etc. Most regular verbs use the ending -er, -ar or -r when they are in the present tense, that is describe an action taking place now: ‘hon studérar’ = ‘she studies/is studying’.


3. Från/Ifrån

‘Från’ is usually changed to ‘ifrå´n’ (literally ‘in-from’) when it stands after the word it is referring to or at the end of a clause or a sentence.



Some countries and parts of the world with their names in Swedish

Read more about the pronunciation of Swedish in Chapter 8![/align]




http://img528.imageshack.us/img528/1071/63809810ww7.jpg


http://img150.imageshack.us/img150/6264/20777008aw3.jpg

[align=left] Chapter 2:
Greetings and goodbyes



I
t has been said that the first impressions last. If that is true, it may be valuable to know how to greet somebody in a proper way (Swedes are not, for instance, very given to cheek-kissing). Here is a list of some salutary phrases in Swedish. Try to find a couple you think could be useful and memorize them.


SALUTARY PHRASES


http://img408.imageshack.us/img408/7596/41584918aq7.gif


http://img252.imageshack.us/img252/2888/49081151jj3.gif


NOTE
‘Tj’ is pronounced a bit sharper than the English ‘sh’ sound – as in ‘shut’, but with the middle part of the tongue pressed more towards the palate (cp. German ‘ch’ in ‘ich’).


If you just have been introduced to someone you might add:



http://img444.imageshack.us/img444/5901/13224601il0.gif



NOTE
Like in English some consonants change sound when they are followed by certain vowels (café - city; guest - gist). These so-called soft vowels are in Swedish: e, i y, ä, ö. The ‘g’ in ‘angenämt’, which preceeds the soft vowel ‘e’, is therefore pronounced like ‘y’ in ‘yes’, not like ‘g’ in ‘good’. Read more about the rules for pro¬nounciation in chapter 8!




http://img510.imageshack.us/img510/3069/61604057jp5.gif


http://img118.imageshack.us/img118/394/77732161lv8.gif


http://img128.imageshack.us/img128/5929/53586354qk7.gif


http://img407.imageshack.us/img407/8757/82396483hd9.gif[/align]